Today Thursday Dec 5, 2024

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Appendectomy


The appendix is a small tubular sac that connects to the large intestine. This small bag is located at the bottom and right side of your abdomen. When the appendix becomes inflamed and swollen, the bacteria quickly multiply inside it and cause an infection, which causes a large amount of pus and infectious material to form inside it. Accumulation of pus and infectious bacteria in the appendix causes pain in the abdomen around the umbilicus and the resulting pain is drawn to the right side of the abdomen. Walking and coughing can aggravate appendicitis pain. It may also cause nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Appendectomy is the only standard treatment for appendicitis. The inflamed appendix must be removed from the abdomen immediately before it ruptures. After appendectomy, most patients recover rapidly and have no specific side effects.

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If you notice signs of appendicitis, you should see a doctor right away. If left untreated, the appendix may rupture and bacteria and infectious substances may spread to the abdomen. In this case, it can even threaten the patient's life. In addition, the treatment of the complication will be much more complicated and the patient will have to stay in the hospital longer.


Appendectomy to treat appendicitis or inflammation of the appendix

Surgery to remove the appendix is called an appendectomy. Appendectomy is a very common emergency surgery performed to treat appendicitis or an complication of appendicitis.


Symptoms of appendicitis

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The most important symptoms of appendicitis or inflammation of the appendix are:

* Abdominal pain that starts suddenly near the navel and extends to the lower right part of the abdomen.

* Swelling of the abdomen

* Tightening of the abdominal muscles

* Constipation or diarrhea

* nausea

* Vomit

* Decreased appetite

* Mild fever

Although pain from inflammation of the appendix is usually felt in the lower right part of the abdomen, pregnant women may feel pain in the right and upper abdomen. This is because in pregnant women, the appendix is higher than normal.


prepare for appendectomy:

You should abstain from eating and drinking for at least 8 hours before appendectomy. Before starting the operation, be sure to inform the surgeon of any medication that you take with a doctor's prescription or without a prescription. Your doctor will tell you how to take these medicines before and after appendectomy.

You should also tell your doctor about any of the following:

* If you are pregnant or think you may be pregnant.

* If you are allergic to latex or certain medications, including anesthetics.

* You have a history of bleeding disorders.

Appendectomy is often performed under general anesthesia and you will be asleep during the operation. So you can not drive yourself until a few hours after the surgery.

When you go to the hospital for appendectomy, your doctor will first ask you questions about your medical history and history, and will perform a physical exam on you. During this examination, the doctor gently presses different parts of your abdomen to determine the exact location of the pain.

If appendicitis is diagnosed too early, your doctor may also order blood tests and imaging tests, but if your doctor determines that appendectomy should be performed as soon as possible, these tests may not be performed again.

Before the appendectomy, an intravenous needle is inserted to inject fluids and medications. To do this, you will probably be unconscious, meaning you will be asleep during the operation. But in some cases, local anesthesia may be used instead of anesthesia. In this case, the operation site is temporarily anesthetized and you do not feel any pain, even though you are awake during the operation.


 types of appendectomy :

There are two types of appendectomy: open surgery and laparoscopic surgery. Your surgeon will choose the right procedure for you based on a variety of factors, including the severity of the appendicitis and your medical history.

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Open appendectomy:

In open appendectomy, the surgeon makes an incision in the right side of your lower abdomen and removes the appendix from your abdomen. The suture is then sutured. In this method, your doctor will be able to clean the abdominal cavity if the appendix is torn and the contents are spread inside the abdominal cavity.

If your appendix has ruptured and the infection has spread to other parts of your internal organs, your doctor will probably decide to open your appendix surgery. Open appendectomy is also a better option for people who have previously had open abdominal surgery.

laparoscopic appendectomy:

In a laparoscopic appendectomy, the surgeon examines your appendix through several small incisions made in your abdomen. A small, narrow tube called a cannula is then inserted into your abdomen through these incisions. Canola is used to inflate your abdomen with carbon dioxide. This gas allows the surgeon to see your appendix more clearly.

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After carbon dioxide enters your abdomen, a surgical instrument called a laparoscope is inserted through small incisions in the abdomen. The laparoscope is in the form of a long, thin tube with a powerful light and a high-quality camera at the tip. This camera shows the image inside the abdomen on a monitor screen, so the surgeon can see your abdomen with high resolution and direct the surgical instrument to the desired point. When the doctor finds the appendix in the picture, he sutures the end and removes it. The small incisions on the surface of your abdomen are then cleaned, disinfected, sutured and bandaged.

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Laparoscopic surgery is usually the best option for the elderly and overweight patients. The risks and complications of this procedure are much less than open appendectomy, and the recovery period after it is generally much shorter.

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